The chapter is structured in this way: Rambert contacts Gonzales and his agents, then discusses his leaving with Rieux. Created by SparkNotes. Yet according to Camus’ friend, the novelist Nicola Chiaromonte, most critics were simply missing the point: “The general public have apparently found in it an answer to their yearning for ordinary humanity and good sense.”, A yearning that resurfaced at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in the spring of 2020: Copies of The Plague were flying off the shelves like no other pestilence fiction – even Amazon went out of stock – and many dug out their old dog-eared high school editions. The young boy, even though he is unsuccessful, wages his own small revolt against the plague. There too either a priest approved of the gross agony of death he saw as a part of God's good or else he denied everything. Rambert is standing looking front with a 1940s-style microphone in his hand. May one kill individually innocent human beings, even during a war, with good conscience? That night people go out celebrating in the streets. Even a greater incongruity, however, than the raincoat costumes in the plague city is the lack of men and women carrying flowers to the cemeteries. From the title, you know this book is about a plague. Castel is impressed by the serum's lengthening of the suffering period. But Rieux grows increasingly impatient: The name is irrelevant, he says. No longer do they take personal precautions of hygiene and vaccination; their sense of self-preservation is slipping away. But then the journalist visits the overworked Tarrou and Rieux in the plague ward and tells them that he decided to stay: Leaving his friends alone now would be cowardly, and as a coward he won’t be able to look his lover in the eyes. The talk about the car running out of rationed gas and Tarrou's speculation that they'll have to walk the next day is an obvious parallel to the professional situation of Rieux and Tarrou. Today he is acknowledged as one of the most important postwar French intellectuals, but during his lifetime he suffered from low self-esteem, depression and anxiety attacks, conditions that got worse when he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1957. They'll have to walk, might fall behind, and perhaps perish in the heat and fever of Oran's desert. Ironically, Rieux concludes that because his strength is being sapped, so he is being saved from perhaps overwhelming sentiment and pity. Only one person won’t join in the festive mood: Cottard has barricaded himself in his apartment and is shooting at people from his house. Ships and trains are coming in from the outer world; families and lovers are about to be reunited again. Father Paneloux A priest in Oran.. Raymond Rambert A Paris journalist trapped in Oran.. Joseph Grand A petty official, also a writer.. Cottard A criminal who hides from arrest in Oran.. M. Michel A concierge, the plague's first victim. 1 Sounds of traditional Arab music, followed by crowd rejoicing and cheering. Albert Camus, inspired by historical accounts of plague outbreaks and his experience during the Resistance in Nazi-occupied France, answered that timeless question in The Plague: Get up and do something useful together! Although Rambert still retains some hope of escape, there are hints in the chapter that foreshadow his decision to stay. And although the death rate among burial workers is high, the list of applicants is long – at this point many fear hunger more than plague. In November, thanks in part to Castel’s serum, the curve begins to flatten, but the poor don’t have enough to eat, and the mood is turning ugly. Soon he rose in the ranks of activists fighting the same cause, until he discovered that they, too, were sanctioning death, claiming that they were only doing this to build a new system devoid of murder. Never before has he so minutely observed the tortured last hours before death. The suspense is somewhat like the stadium fever of old Rome. The second half of the chapter is quite different. Above all, the priest maintains that God must be loved. He has been as steadfast in his struggle to cure as Rieux has been. He theorizes that he cannot contract the plague because he carries his own death sentence and men never die of two illnesses. If the plague was focused on the action, the Fall for its analysis of the theme of inaction and its consequences. The number of deaths has less importance than the fact that no longer is the toll mounting. Nothing less than a highly ironic Creator, in this case Camus, would have trapped the opera company of Orpheus within Oran when the gates were sealed. Tarrou approves of the extreme position which Paneloux has taken for himself. He also has a clever logic rationalizing his own immunity. They are a strange kind of trinity: Paneloux, Rieux, and Tarrou. Dr. Castel is uncertain. Like “In this respect, our townsfolk were like everybody else, … Yet they have a hard time processing that information. Yet in the end, we just have to trust in God, because the alternative would be worse. Punishment, if he could still call Oran's suffering by that name, was no longer an abstract threat: it was visual, disgusting, and a fact. Camus realized that his original ideas on the Absurd, conceived as “tender indifference” towards a meaningless life, “teaches nothing.” In Letters to a German Friend, published between 1943 and 1944, he instead called for collective action against the pointlessness of our existence: “If nothing had any meaning, you would be right. Between his day job as an editor at Gallimard and his underground activities, he struggled to finish the novel. Find summaries for every chapter, including a The Plague Chapter Summary Chart to help you understand the book. So, what to do? The final scene in the hospital has, besides Rambert's affirmation, several other matters of importance. Rieux warns his friend that his chances of surviving this adventure are one in three. Again, the irony of natural beauty is played against natural ugliness and death. Tarrou is attempting a mortal sainthood. Rieux was absolutely correct to juxtapose these two scenes. There seems to be a longer time for looking and contemplation. After the first month of plague, the church authorities organize a week of prayer. Man must not allow unfathomable suffering to lessen his passion for God. The plague's image has changed from that of a whip to that of a teacher. The book … She will spend some time in a mountain sanatorium to get better. The novel reflects three aspects of the author’s personality: Dr. Rieux stands for the detached and dutiful healer, who fights on and continues to do the good work; Rambert is someone who lives for love, knowing full well that passion is fleeting and sustained marital bliss an illusion; and Tarrou is a disillusioned idealist, who searches for true meaning and dies before attaining it. He doesn't know why he sent his wife away. The decision, however, to be valuable has to be Rambert's own. On the terrace above the city, Rieux and Tarrou share what Robert Frost speaks of in his poem "Birches." His angry lash at Paneloux, the irritation of doubts about his wife's recovery — all these he diagnoses as danger signs. Death threateningly crackles around him and the priest knows that inoculations are never foolproof. After Rambert tells Rieux that he will stay, we probably learn more about Rieux than we do about Rambert. Tormented by his usual self-doubt, on the eve of its publication in 1947, he complained to a friend that it was a “livre manqué” – a waste of a book. Still, the chronicle of the plague outbreak is only the first of many narrative layers and multiple meanings in this novel. The universe is not always blatantly superior; it too has its moods and imperfections. What matters is that people are dying from a highly infectious disease, and a wait-and-see policy could have deadly consequences. Nobody, not even Rieux, is willing to help him bend the rules and skip town. Resisters laid bombs, assassinated enemies, derailed trains and sabotaged factories. They are persistent in seeking a logical answer to their torment and a logical end to its massacre. The book was published in multiple languages including English, consists of 308 pages and is available in Paperback format. He fled to Lyon, where he married one of his many concurrent girlfriends – the pianist and mathematician Francine Faure – and moved to the Algerian coastal city of Oran with her. Temporarily out of stock. It was not long after his "sin = punishment" sermon that the priest became a diligent member of Tarrou's plague fighters. The ambiguousness of his death is best interpreted as the result of a conscious will at work. The brief theater scene is crucial because unhappiness, sickness, and poverty are becoming Oran's daily tenor and Oranians are therefore seeking out the last bits of pleasure in the city. Rieux says that he is attempting to be only a man. He now talks little about his plans of escape; no longer does he boast. They agree on smuggling the journalist past the bribed sentries out of the locked town. At almost 44 he was the second-youngest author ever to receive the award, and the pressure to perform weighed on him. Winter approaches but the plague does not abate. It is but one sentence about a horsewoman riding down the avenues of the Bois de Boulogne – the opening line of a novel that the clerk has been laboring over with much pain and trepidation. I know only human beings.” Although Camus never explicitly said so, he was likely inspired by their humanity – tellingly, the village doctor in Chambon was a man named Rioux. His mother, who was half-deaf, worked as a cleaning woman. His relieved optimism and his new sense of happiness in the face of plague seems impossible. The hobby of Tarrou's father, insignificant and seeming strange to others, is definitive. His animal-like qualities include the importance of sex to him. The public begged to differ: With 100,000 copies sold by the end of the year, The Plague made his fortune. Tarrou's sympathy for the defendant was very much like that which Camus felt for a boatload of prisoners he saw in the Algerian port in 1938. But Camus warned his readers of complacency: Pathogens like totalitarianism, racism or mindless opportunism won’t disappear for good. Winter fails to freeze the plague germs but not the city's walls. Having grown up in a narrow world of limited words, he relished the intellectual universe that opened up before him. We find, rate and summarize relevant knowledge to help people make better decisions in business and in their private lives. The fall sky is pale and golden. His serum is being lauded, but he has learned not to trust his enemy and maintains his defense and his revolt against the illogical visitor. Both men begin to feel that their revolts are becoming obsolete. There are shootouts at the gates, and some people escape. Grand shows all the symptoms of plague, but against the doctor’s expectations he recovers. It is little wonder that the opera is performed again and again, and is popular and successful during the season of plague. CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. Strangely, the symptoms are not ordinary. He is no longer one of the crimson-robed elite; his clothes have been stained by Oran's bloody suffering and Paneloux has been humbled. But this is how the plague began — against all the rules. The Plague Summary. He makes afresh start with his sentence. Even the October rains do not cleanse the town of its hold and the townspeople continue to exist for the moment at hand, but see their present without a context. As a contrast, Cottard, from Tarrou's notebook sketches, is presented, still happy and smiling. Eventually, though, the number of dead exceeds the capacity of the cemetery, so they utilize the old crematorium outside the gates, east of the town, employing an unused streetcar line to transport the dead to their final burning place. The numbers of daily deaths is rising exponentially, and the anti-plague serum from Paris is late in arriving. Isolated riots are breaking out, and a special brigade shoots cats and dogs as possible carriers of the disease. The opera contains the identical elements that the citizens are experiencing. Title: Camus ~ The Plague (1947) 1 Camus The Plague (1947) The plague strikes Oran ; Setting is in the 1940s in Oran, a French port on the Algerian coast ; Oran is an ordinary, ugly, commercially-oriented place with an absurd lay-out (ML 23 VI 24). Then he suggests to his friend to go out for a swim in the sea. Absurdity, irony, and incongruity are increasingly the constant atmosphere of the city. We, like Dr. Rieux, have seen until now only glimpses of death and last moments — never the full process of death. Albert Camus THE PLAGUE - Antilogicalism [PDF] The Plague Book by Albert Camus Free Download (308 ... Amazon.com: The Plague (Audible Audio Edition): Albert ... SparkNotes: The Plague: Study Guide The Plague, or La Peste in its original French, is a novel written by philosopher/writer Albert Camus in 1947. Tarrou quit the day he witnessed an execution by firing squad in Hungary. His faith in divine vengeance is worn thin by the time he witnesses the death of M. Othon's child. Rieux clarifies another misfortune of the lethargic state — the slackening of Tarrou's medical crews. bookmarked pages associated with this title. One infection immunizes a man from all other infections. Dying has assumed such major proportions that one can almost say that life seems the exception. In the nearby village of Le Chambon, the Protestant pastor couple Magda and André Trocmé were engaged in saving thousands of Jews from the clutches of the Vichy government, and when confronted by the authorities, Trocmé’s answer was: “I do not know what a Jew is. Both men were confounded by the knowledge that these unfortunates had committed crimes and yet both Tarrou and Camus refused to assent to the verdict of punishment by death. Rambert is caged because he has wanted desperately to leave, but has stayed, worked with the sanitation crews, and found a value in hard work and a satisfaction in becoming part of a whole bigger than himself combating an impartial, impenetrable, deadly plague. . The Plague (French: La Peste) is a novel by Albert Camus, published in 1947, that tells the story of a plague sweeping the French Algerian city of Oran. The pamphlet mentioned by the young deacon suggests that Paneloux is considering not only the plague's illness, but simple sickness itself. At the start of the COVID-19 crisis in 2020, demand was so high that, “On the whole, men are more good than bad; that, however, isn’t the real point. A quarantine camp is set up in the former municipal stadium, with hundreds of tents in the playing field and shower-baths installed under the stands. Before too long, thousands of the creatures are making their way to the streets to die. The concluding scene is, somehow, amusing — perhaps because it seems so apt. The intention is clear: Don’t raise unwarranted alarm. The townspeople are disgusted and alarmed. At first, most restrictions remain in place. In early 1941, he began to immerse himself in the history of plagues to gather material for his next project: The Plague or The Prisoners, as he preferred to name it at first. The Myth of Sisyphus (Penguin Great Ideas) Albert Camus. La Peste = The Plague, Albert Camus The Plague is a novel by Albert Camus, published in 1947, that tells the story of a plague sweeping the French Algerian city of Oran. In that same audience may be a woman who knows that she is wearing the most expensive diamonds there. His daughter Catherine Camus, when asked about the book’s newfound popularity, said that its core message was now more pressing than ever: “We are not responsible for the coronavirus, but we can be responsible in the way we respond to it.”. But remember this: the Oranians think of themselves as prisoners, encased within their city; here, they are again imprisoned. Tarrou's plan of the civilian sanitary squads was conceived because of the plague's dramatic emergency. Tarrou: A Bold Character The audience believes that Dr. Rieux is unchanging in his beliefs and perceptions and this could very well be true. His helping Rieux stems from the monumental emergency situation and from his friendship and respect for the doctor. The church offered little understanding and hope for their plight. This effect, you should note, also lengthens the chapter for readers, making us more exactly imagine the swelling, the convulsions, and the incessant screaming. If the church becomes distasteful, they turn to nature's logic and to mathematical chances and schemes. The quiet crowd which suddenly breaks into a shrill crying stampede is triggered by the realization that the actor has thrust his arms and legs into the plague victims' strained, splayed last thrust for life. Another former patient, the modest and underpaid municipal clerk Joseph Grand, calls him because of his neighbor’s failed suicide attempt: Cottard has rather ambivalently tried to hang himself. But by the end of January it is announced that, should things continue on this path, the gates could open in two weeks’ time. Wasn’t plague a thing of the past, something that befell only the poor and underdeveloped? Still, some took the stance of “refus absurde” (Jean Cassou) – refusing to accept the inevitable. The people seem to need an external order that is reassuring. Paneloux's sermon linking sin with punishment will later be partially obliterated by a new philosophy after he is witness to the innocent suffering of this child in a schoolroom. Throughout the epidemic he has resisted death as thoroughly and as rapidly as he could save his patients. She too understands why he must return to his wife: the girl is pretty, Rambert is sensual; he does not believe in God, man must worship and believe in something — even if it is no more than a girl, himself, and their love. The novel can be read on several levels: As a realistic tale of an epidemic outbreak, an allegory of active resistance to totalitarianism, or a comment on the Absurd. Sky and sea meet grayly and stars are tarnished by the lighthouse's yellow gleam. The hospital is described as being pale green inside and the light as being like that of an aquarium. Rambert, it seems, expected a sermon from Rieux; he wanted urging. Nor has he evolved a finished philosophy concerning his actions during the plague. On June 18, General Charles de Gaulle took to the microphone in a London BBC studio and called on the French people to resist Nazi Germany and the soon-to-be established collaborationist Vichy regime under Marshal Philippe Pétain in the south. But they are more or less ignorant, and it is this that we call vice or virtue.”. An oily, awful-smelling odor descends on that part of town. Journalists, as Rieux has noted, continue to defraud the public of truth. The utmost in abominable evil is exactly what he is witnessing: the suffering of a young innocent child — conclusive proof for him that the universe is irrational and indifferent to man. The image Rieux uses during the suspense of Rambert's decision-making is that of a caged animal — not a particularly original image, but excellent for his purpose. Camus was a cautiously optimistic humanist and moralist: He believed that, for all their colossal failings, people are inherently decent – when given a chance. On the blackboard, like a Camus crest, is a half-obliterated equation. Confrontation with such extreme disaster might strike down a man with alert senses and sentiment. Camus could have, without seeming awkward, described a lengthy death scene long before this. Previously, at the beginning of Part II, he had noted that most of the Oranians were saved from disastrous panic because of their lack of pity. Also in this chapter is more necessary background information about Tarrou. In the army he has seen priests faced with Paneloux's dilemma. Word Count: 785. Yet soon enough, the town is invaded by a repulsive mass of dying rats, often spurting blood and giving off agonizing death-cries in their last moments. Plague: One Scientist's Intrepid Search for the Truth about Human Retroviruses and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS), Autism, and Other Diseases. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# One night, Grand invites Rieux into his small apartment and shows him what he’s been working on. Camus himself suggested reading the novel at “several levels,” having woven his philosophic ideas about the human condition and the Absurd between the lines, for example when Rieux explains to Rambert why he can’t help him sneak out of town to reunite with the love of his life: “Oh, I know it’s an absurd situation, but we’re all involved in it, and we’ve got to accept it as it is.”. Albert Camus was born in Mondovi, Algeria, on November 7, 1913, into a family of French-Algerian Pieds-Noirs. The primary difference is the present lack of activity. 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